Corporate Law in Argentina
Local corporate secretary requirement
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Branch
Not required to have a secretary.
Proprietary company
Not required to have a company secretary, but if a company has 1 or more, at least 1 of them must ordinarily reside in Australia.
Public company
Must have at least 1 company secretary, and at least 1 company secretary must ordinarily reside in Australia.
Stock corporation (AG)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Limited liability company (GmbH) and Flexible Company (FlexKapG)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
With Limited Liability (WLL)
Not applicable .
Closed Shareholding Company (BSC(c))
Not applicable.
Foreign Branch (Branch)
Not applicable.
Public limited company (société anonyme/naamloze vennootschap)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Limited company (société à responsabilité limitée/besloten vennootschap)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Belgian branch office of a foreign company
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Limited liability company (Sociedade Limitada)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Corporation (Sociedade Anônima)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Corporate subsidiary
Not generally required.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Not required.
There is no requirement to designate a secretary.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Limited liability company (Kapitalselskab)
There is no requirement for a local corporate secretary in Denmark.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Osakeyhtiö (Oy)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Société par actions simplifiée (SAS)
Not applicable.
Société à responsabilité limitée (SARL)
Not applicable.
Société anonyme (SA)
Not applicable.
GmbH – limited liability company
None.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Limited private companies
Company secretary must be either a Hong Kong corporate or an individual who is a Hong Kong resident (who cannot also be the sole director of the company).
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Private limited company
Must appoint a company secretary where the paid-up capital of the company exceeds INR100 million. Until such threshold, the company may appoint a third-party service provider to manage corporate compliance.
Limited liability company
Generally, not legally required, unless it is a publicly listed company.
Private company limited by shares (LTD)
A company secretary must be appointed. Unless a LTD has only 1 director, it is possible for a director of the company to also act as company secretary. A body corporate may act as company secretary.
External company
Determined by the laws of the jurisdiction of incorporation.
Company
None beyond the required director.
Branch / representative office
Required to register the name and address of a person residing in Israel who is authorized to accept judicial documents and other notices on behalf of the Foreign Company.
Società a responsabilità limitata (S.r.l.) and Società per azioni (S.p.A.)
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Registered branch
None.
Kabushiki-Kaisha (KK)
None.
Godo-Kaisha (GK)
None.
Private limited liability company (Société à responsabilité limitée or S.à r.l.)
None.
Public limited liability company (Société anonyme or S.A.)
None.
Special limited partnership (Société en commandite spéciale or SCSp)
None.
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Must be a natural person and at least 18 years of age.
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Must be a citizen or permanent resident of Malaysia who ordinarily resides in Malaysia and has a principal place of residence in Malaysia.
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Must be a member of a body prescribed in the 4th Schedule of the Companies Act 2016 or a person licensed by the Companies Commission of Malaysia.
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Must be an undischarged bankrupt under the Insolvency Act 1967.
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Not convicted, whether in or outside Malaysia, of any offences prescribed under the Companies Act 2016.
The Companies Act also requires all companies other than small private companies to have a secretary and to be ordinarily resident in Mauritius.
A Global Business Corporation must have a management company duly licensed by the FSC as secretary. There is no statutory requirement for an Authorized Company to have a secretary in Mauritius but it must at all times have a registered agent in Mauritius who shall be a management company.
S.A. de C.V.
The secretary is responsible to maintain and keep the corporate books updated. The corporate books shall remain in Mexico; thus, it is advisable to appoint a Mexican resident as secretary of the board of directors.
S. de R.L. de C.V.
The secretary is responsible to maintain and keep the corporate books updated. The corporate books shall remain in Mexico; thus, it is advisable to appoint a Mexican resident as secretary of the board of managers.
S.A.P.I. de C.V.
The secretary is responsible to maintain and keep the corporate books updated. The corporate books shall remain in Mexico; thus, it is advisable to appoint a Mexican resident as secretary of the board of directors.
Branch office
None.
B.V. (private company with limited liability)
None.
Co-operative U.A.
None.
C.V. (a limited partnership)
None.
Limited liability company
Limited liability companies are not required to have a secretary.
Branch
Branches of overseas companies are not required to have a secretary.
Except small companies, every company, whether private or public, is required to have a company secretary. The qualifications of a company secretary depends on the type of company.
Private company
The person to be appointed a company secretary must have the requisite knowledge and experience to discharge the functions required of a secretary.
Public company
Any person to be appointed a Secretary of a Public Company must either be:
- A member of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries of Nigeria, or
- A Legal practitioner
- A member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria or any other Body of accountants
-
A person who had held the office of the company secretary in a public company for 3 years of the 5 years preceding their appointment in a public company or
- A body corporate or a firm of any of (a) – (d) above.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Not applicable in general. Exception is a subsidiary that must have a secretary, who must be a resident and a citizen of the Philippines. The OPC is also required to have a secretary.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Not mandatory for any type of company, except for Stock Exchange listed companies.
Corporations
1 of the officers of the corporation is required to record the proceedings of the meetings of the shareholders and directors in a book to be kept for that purpose.
Limited Liability Companies
Not required, unless otherwise provided in the operating agreement.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Joint-stock company (public and non-public)
Not applicable.
Limited liability company
Not applicable.
Limited liability company
No local corporate secretary requirement.
Limited liability company
Every company must appoint a company secretary within 6 months from its incorporation. The company secretary must be residing locally in Singapore, and they must not be the sole director of the company. For public companies, the secretary will need to fulfill certain eligibility criteria under the CA. The office of company secretary may not be left vacant for more than 6 months at any time.
Private company and personal liability company
Not applicable for this jurisdiction unless required by the company's MOI.
Public company
Public companies are required to appoint a company secretary who must be a permanent resident of South Africa and must remain a resident while serving as company secretary.
External company
Regulated by the foreign company's place of incorporation.
Joint-stock company (Jusik Hoesa)
None.
Limited company (Yuhan Hoesa)
None.
Branch (Sucursal)
Not required for branches.
Limited liability company (Sociedad Limitada)
A secretary is mandatory in case of a board of directors but does not need to be a Spanish resident.
Joint-stock company (Sociedad Anónima)
A secretary is mandatory in case of a board of directors but does not need to be a Spanish resident.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
Stock corporation
None required.
None.
There is no legal requirements for private companies, public companies or partnerships (registered or unregistered) to appoint a corporate secretary. However, companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand are encouraged to appoint a company secretary to oversee the activities of the board of directors pursuant to the Policy Statement on Code of Best Practices of Directors of Listed Companies prescribed by the Stock Exchange of Thailand.
Not mandatory.
Limited Liability Company
Secretarial position is not provided for LLCs.
Private Joint-Stock Company
A corporate secretary is mandatory for (i) public JSCs, (ii) banks, insurance companies, private pension funds and other JSCs which meet the criteria of a company with public interest and (iii) PJSCs with more than 100 shareholders. Secretarial position in other JSCs is optional. Supervisory board or board of directors is authorized to appoint the corporate secretary.
LLC
Not required.
Branch
Not required.
FZ-LLC
Required in most free zones (but optional in some), must be an individual secretary and not a body corporate.
FZ-Branch
Not required.
Dual Licence Branch
Not required.
Private limited company
Optional (unless required by company's articles). If no company secretary is appointed, duties must be filled by a director or a person appointed by the director(s).
Limited liability partnership (LLP)
No statutory requirement. Requirements governed by LLP Agreement and typically fulfilled by a designated member.
Registered UK establishment
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.
For corporations, some states require a corporate secretary (eg, California), while other states do not (eg, Delaware).
An LLC does not need to have a corporate secretary.
Not applicable for this jurisdiction.